
We
use the 6AS7G power triode for a number of reasons particular to the
type of amplifiers that we make: OTLs. An output transformerless amplifier
has to be able to drive an 8 ohm loudspeaker without difficulty; to
accomplish this there of course are certain design considerations in
the output circuit of the amp, an important one is the choice of power
tube.
We want
a triode amp because triodes are more linear, i.e. better sounding.
In addition, in an OTL a large amount of current-handling ability is
required, so only tubes with relatively high current handling characteristics
can be considered. Because of this current characteristic, tubes with
low amount of current capacity would be impractical, as too many tubes
would be required to create the output section of the amp.
So we chose
the 6AS7G, which has had a traditional OTL history, as it was first
used in OTLs as early as 1954. The 6AS7G is a dual-section power triode,
meaning that two independent triodes are housed inside the glass envelope
of the tube. The triode element itself is based on the 6B4 power triode,
which was a single triode also in an octal base. The 6B4 itself is interesting,
as it is the intermediate step between the 6AS7G and the original 2A3
power triode, which is a tube well-known to the single-ended triode
community. The 6B4 was intended to be a 2A3 in a 'modern' tube base
(octal), and employing the innovation/improvement of an indirectly heated
cathode, making it more hum resistant. A variant of the 6B4, the 12B4,
was also produced. The 12B4 was a miniaturized form of the 6B4, in a
9-pin miniature package with a smaller (lower power) structure. It was
intended primarily for voltage regulator and television service , but
was featured as a power output tube in an OTL construction article in
the Fifties, penned by Julius Futterman.
Of course,
the 6B4 and the 2A3 don't look very similar; the tooling to make the
6B4 was redesigned. But on paper the two tubes have identical specs.
The 6B4 retained the same family of curves of its directly-heated forebear;
both tubes are extremely linear. This same linearity is a hallmark of
all the tubes in this family including the 6AS7, which is one (but not
the only) reason why the 6AS7G is a better sounding tube then the much-touted
300b. The sonic superiority of the 2A3 over the 300b is well-known in
the single-ended world, it should come as no surprise that the 6AS7G
follows the same path.
Of course,
the 6AS7G was designed for more heavy duty service as a voltage regulator,
although the first construction articles released by RCA (who developed
the tube) in the late 1940s feature it as a power output tube. For voltage
regulator service, the voltage characteristics of the tube were adjusted
to favor lower voltage and higher current conditions, on condition that
the original linearity would be retained. One of the changes that accomplished
this was rearrangement of the grid structure; it was repositioned closer
to the cathode element to retain the linearity at lower voltages. As
in the 6B4, heatsinks were added and the otherwise simpler tooling was
retained. The result is a tube that is quite linear from roughly 50
to 250 volts, above which arc-over is a hazard. But in the power voltage
range that it was designed for, the 6AS7 to this day retains several
essential characteristics for OTL operation: Extremely high linearity
(a legacy of its ancestry as well as original use requirements), relatively
low filament requirements, extremely high transconductance and finally
low cost.
These characteristics
have caused us to retain the tube as our main platform despite constantly
having re-evaluated the tube many times over the last 23 years. If treated
properly, the tube is quite rugged. We have developed ways to extend
the operation of the tube, by using it in a fixed-bias mode, which some
readers may have noted is not recommended in the tube manuals. Of course
it turns out that this is quite practicable, as we have demonstrated
our amplifiers to be quite reliable over the last 2 decades. Actually,
we found the concept of self-biasing as described in the tube manuals
to be far more impractical!
During
the 1980s, 1990s and now in the 21st century, the Russian form of the
6AS7, the 6H13 (and to a lesser extent the 6H7), has been the mainstay
version of the 6AS7G. Having used this form of the tube quite a lot
over the last 20 years, we have found it to be quite consistent and
reliable, with the tube quality being unchanged in the 20 years we have
been using it. The Russian tube industry has apparently had good reason
to make the tube in very large quantities, in fact it appears to have
been the most common power triode made by the Russians. One of the main
benefits of this is low cost, without a sacrifice of quality. Thus the
6AS7G remains the tube of choice for our amplifiers.”